An Assessment of The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Stunted Growth Among Under-Five Children in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study aimed to comprehensively assess the socioeconomic factors influencing stunted growth among under-five children in Kaduna State, Nigeria. It employed a mixed-method approach, including a cross-sectional survey of 384 mothers and in-depth interviews with community leaders and healthcare providers. The study identifies household income, employment status, and healthcare access as primary determinants of child nutrition. Limited financial resources and food insecurity significantly contribute to stunting prevalence. These findings underscore the need for targeted economic support and improved healthcare access to mitigate stunting in Kaduna State. The 19% unemployment rate and 21.7% part-time employment further compounded economic constraints. Access to healthcare was rated as "fair" or below by 66.7% of respondents. Maternal education and family structure also emerged as significant factors. While 65.2% had secondary or tertiary education, 24.4% had primary education or no formal schooling. Over one-third of households had single parents, widowed, or separated caregivers. Knowledge and ability to provide balanced diets were rated as "fair" or below by 58.2% and 58.7% of respondents, respectively. The complex interplay of these socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural factors highlights the need for multi-pronged interventions. Recommendations include financial assistance programs, water and sanitation infrastructure improvements, targeted nutrition education, and healthcare system strengthening. Addressing the root causes of child stunting in Kaduna State is crucial for improving long-term health, cognitive development, and economic outcomes.